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Create Account

This example shows how to create a new account on the Solana blockchain.

Code

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Solana Cookbook - How to Create an Account
"""

import asyncio
from solana.rpc.async_api import AsyncClient
from solders.keypair import Keypair
from solders.system_program import create_account, CreateAccountParams
from solders.transaction import VersionedTransaction
from solders.message import MessageV0

async def main():
    rpc = AsyncClient("https://api.devnet.solana.com")

    sender = Keypair()
    new_account = Keypair()
    space = 0  # Account data space

    async with rpc:
        # Get minimum balance for rent exemption
        rent_lamports = await rpc.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(space)

        # Get latest blockhash
        recent_blockhash = await rpc.get_latest_blockhash()

        # Create account instruction
        create_account_instruction = create_account(
            CreateAccountParams(
                from_pubkey=sender.pubkey(),
                to_pubkey=new_account.pubkey(),
                lamports=rent_lamports.value,
                space=space,
                owner=sender.pubkey()  # System program owns the account
            )
        )

        # Create message
        message = MessageV0.try_compile(
            payer=sender.pubkey(),
            instructions=[create_account_instruction],
            address_lookup_table_accounts=[],
            recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash.value.blockhash
        )

        # Create transaction
        transaction = VersionedTransaction(message, [sender, new_account])

        print(f"Payer: {sender.pubkey()}")
        print(f"New Account: {new_account.pubkey()}")
        print(f"Rent Lamports: {rent_lamports.value}")
        print(f"Space: {space} bytes")
        print(f"Account creation transaction created successfully")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())

Explanation

  1. Set up keypairs: Create keypairs for the payer and new account
  2. Calculate rent: Get the minimum balance required for rent exemption
  3. Create instruction: Build the account creation instruction
  4. Build transaction: Compile the instruction into a transaction
  5. Sign transaction: Sign with both the payer and new account keypairs

Key Concepts

  • Rent exemption: Accounts must hold enough SOL to be exempt from rent
  • Account space: Define how much data storage the account needs
  • Owner: The program that owns and can modify the account
  • Payer: The account that pays for the transaction and rent

Usage

python create_account.py

This will output: 

Payer: 5J8...abc
New Account: 3Kd...def
Rent Lamports: 890880
Space: 0 bytes
Account creation transaction created successfully

Prerequisites

  • The payer account must have enough SOL to cover transaction fees and rent
  • Both keypairs must sign the transaction